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Ready for review Updated 29 October 2026

FAIR vs open data/science

This lesson plan explores the distinct boundaries, intersections, and synergies between Open Science and the FAIR principles.

Session profile
95 min 7 activities Beginner–Expert

Overview

This lesson plan explores the distinct boundaries, intersections, and synergies between Open Science and the FAIR principles. While Open Science focuses on making research, data, and methods freely available to everyone—from professionals to citizens—FAIR focuses on making data optimized for discovery and reuse (by both humans and machines), regardless of whether it is openly accessible or restricted. Understanding this distinction allows trainers to help researchers navigate data sharing responsibly, balancing public access with necessary data protections.

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    | Option A: Zenodo                            | A massive, free global
    generalist repository hosted by CERN. It assigns an automatic DOI and
    allows anyone to upload anything instantly. It has a "Restricted Access"
    feature where you can post the metadata openly but keep the files hidden
    unless you manually approve a user's request.             |

    | Option B: DataverseNL                       | A secure,
    institutional/national repository network used by Dutch universities. It
    offers dedicated, long-term curation support, lets you publish metadata
    seamlessly, and provides built-in, highly structured "restricted data"
    workflows that comply strictly with European institutional guidelines. |

    | Option C: Qualitative Data Repository (QDR) | A domain-specific
    repository explicitly designed for archiving qualitative and
    multi-method social science data. It specializes in digital security
    protocols for sensitive interview transcripts and human participant
    data, offering expert review of metadata before it goes
    live.                    |


    * **Debriefing choices:** 


    When the groups make their choice and present their arguments, there
    isn't one single "perfect" answer, but there are distinct advantages
    they should **explain**:


    * **If they choose DataverseNL:** This is an excellent choice if Dr.
    Alcaraz is based at a Dutch institution. It ensures local institutional
    compliance, provides institutional backing, and has reliable
    infrastructure for restricted-access metadata.

    * **If they choose QDR (Domain-Specific):** This is technically the
    **Gold Standard** according to the repository selection hierarchy
    (*domain-specific first*). Because QDR specializes in qualitative data,
    their curators will actually look at the metadata to ensure no
    identifying information about the children accidentally slipped into the
    abstract or project description.

    * **If they choose Zenodo:** While highly accessible and great for rapid
    DOI generation, it is a generalist repository. It lacks the
    human-curated oversight that a highly sensitive project involving minors
    might require to prevent accidental data leaks in the public text
    fields.
  time: '20'
  type: Case Study
  level: intermediate
- learning_outcome: 4
  activities: >-
    **Exercise:** 


    **Explaining the Challenges of Making data Open**


    Project a fake, high-risk research snippet on your Mentimeter screen.
    Tell the students:  (e.g.) You want to share this raw study dataset
    openly on GitHub today. Look at the text—which details are a massive
    legal or ethical hazard if published?


    **2.The Mentimeter Vote:** 


    **Time 2 - 5 minutes**


    Have students select from a multiple-choice list or use a word cloud to
    flag the dangerous data points. Ask them to think about GDPR,
    Participant Privacy, and Intellectual Property .


    **3.The Peer Explanation Debrief:**  


    **Time** **5 - 10 minutes** 


    Turn to the class and ask: "Why can't we just use a simple 'Find and
    Replace' to delete the names and call it a day?" Have 2 or 3 students
    explain the hidden challenges of anonymization.
  time: '10'
  type: Open Discussion
  level: beginner   after: [] ---

Core Topics Covered:

Topic / Module Target Competency Level
FAIR & Open Science Definitions Beginner / Intermediate / Expert
Access Spectrum: Open, Restricted, Embargoed, & Closed Beginner
The Reproducibility Crisis Beginner
Open Infrastructure: Methods, software, tools, and code Beginner / Intermediate
Benefits of Open Data vs. FAIR Data Compliance Intermediate
Responsible Restrictions: Sensitive/patient data & anonymization Intermediate
Data Availability Statements Expert
Adopting Open Science Principles & Tooling Expert
The Berlin Declaration (Context for Data Stewards) Specialist
   
   
   
TAKE-HOME MESSAGE

FAIR does not automatically mean Open, and Open is not automatically FAIR. Open Science dictates who can access research, while FAIR dictates how effectively data can be discovered and reused by both humans and machines. As close as possible and close as neccesary.

Learning outcomes

  1. 1

    Compare FAIR and open data

    Beginner Intermediate
  2. 2

    Identify official university support channels and online repositories for open science inquiries.

    Beginner
  3. 3

    Describe the benefits and challenges of open science

    Beginner
  4. 4

    Explain the challenges of making data open

    Beginner
  5. 5

    Choose a suitable repository to make data open

    Intermediate

Lesson agenda

7 activities · 95 min total · grouped by phase

Summary of tasks and actions

1.0 Practical Framework Discussion: Participants analyze the core concepts to identify the critical differences, overlaps, and misconceptions between FAIR and Open Science.

2.0 Mapping the Local Ecosystem: A practical exercise where participants learn to identify institutional workflows and locate specific local contacts or support networks for guidance on FAIR and Open Science.

3.0 Navigating Compliance Challenges: A critical-thinking exercise inviting participants to brainstorm and dissect the real-world barriers researchers face when trying to adopt open practices and FAIR principles.

4.0 Case Study - Selecting the Right Repository: A hands-on, scenario-based activity. Participants evaluate a realistic research case study—considering data sensitivity and access requirements—and select the most appropriate data repository for publication.

Materials and equipment

For participants
A computer or tablet for active research, repository exploration, and group activities.
For the trainer
A computer connected to a projector/display to present instructions and visual aids.

Sources and attribution

  1. FOSTER. Open Science Training Handbook: Readme. [Internet] GitBook; 2018.
CITE THIS LESSON PLAN

Inno H, Swan A, Eranti P, Vivas-Romero M. FAIR vs open data/science. Version 1.0. FAIR Lesson Plan Handbook [Internet]. 2026. Available from: https://doi.org/10.5072/zenodo.627815

Licence CC BY 4.0 DOI 10.5072/zenodo.627815 (sandbox DOI, not citable) Last updated 29 October 2026